ʻO ka IP address ka helu o ka lolouila kahi i hāʻawi ʻia ai ke kaʻa pūnaewele a ʻo ka helu MAC he ʻike kūʻokoʻa i hāʻawi ʻia e kēlā me kēia mea hana kāleka pūnaewele i kā lākou mea pili. No laila, i kēia pou nui, e hōʻike mākou iā ʻoe i ka ʻokoʻa āpau ma waena o kahi leka uila IP a me kahi leka uila MAC.
He aha ka ʻokoʻa ma waena o kahi helu IP a me kahi helu MAC?
ʻO nā helu IP a me MAC nā ʻōlelo i ʻike kūʻokoʻa i kahi hāmeʻa a me kahi pilina ma kahi pūnaewele. ʻO kahi helu MAC he helu i hāʻawi ʻia i kahi NIC e ka mea hana, akā inā mākou e kamaʻilio e pili ana i kahi IP address, e haʻi wau iā ʻoe i nā huaʻōlelo kumu he helu i hāʻawi ʻia i kahi pilina ma kahi pūnaewele.
ʻO ka ʻokoʻa nui ma waena o kahi helu IP a me kahi helu MAC ʻo ia ka helu MAC e ʻike kūʻokoʻa i ka mea makemake e komo i ka pūnaewele. ʻOiai ma ka ʻaoʻao ʻē aʻe, ʻike kūʻokoʻa kahi IP IP i ka pili pūnaewele i ka interface o ka hāmeʻa.
Heluhelu pū kekahi: He aha ka ʻokoʻa ma waena o static a dynamic IP address؟
Eia naʻe, i kēia manawa me ka pau ʻole o ka manawa, e ʻike pōkole kākou iā lākou, a e ʻimi i nā ʻokoʻa ma waena o lākou. No laila, hiki iā mākou ke ʻike i ka ʻokoʻa o kekahi i kekahi a me ke ʻano o kā lākou hana maoli.
He aha ka helu IP?
ʻO IP ka "Internet Protocol", a ua mālama ʻia ʻo ia ka inoa o kahi protocol kamaʻilio ma o ka pūnaewele a me ka IP address, ʻo ia ka helu āu e koho ai a i hāʻawi ʻia i loko o ka pūnaewele, ʻaʻole kēia ke ala e ʻike ai i ka. Pūnaewele. ʻo wai ʻo wai.
No laila, he ʻano "logging" ia e ʻike ai iā ʻoe i ka wā ma ka pūnaewele. Eia nō naʻe, ʻelua mau ʻano o nā leka uila, nā IP IP ākea a me nā helu IP pilikino, a he kumu ʻokoʻa loa kēlā me kēia.
He aha ka helu IP lehulehu?
ʻO kahi helu IP lehulehu he helu wahi i hāʻawi ʻia e kāu mea hoʻolako lawelawe pūnaewele, nā hui e hāʻawi i ka ʻike pūnaewele e like me Jio, Airtel, Vodafone, etc., a lawelawe e ʻike iā ʻoe ma ka Pūnaewele ke hoʻopili ʻoe. ʻOiai aia kekahi mau hoʻoponopono, he mea maʻamau no kēia mau IP address ke ʻano ikaika a loli pinepine me kāu ʻike ʻole.
ʻAʻole hiki i kekahi ke heʻenalu i ka Pūnaewele me ka ʻole o ka IP address, a ʻaʻole hiki ke loaʻa kahi ʻaoʻao pūnaewele ma ka Pūnaewele me ka ʻole o kahi leka uila IP pili. ʻO ka ʻoiaʻiʻo, ke paʻi ʻoe i kahi helu e like me "www.techviral.net", ʻo ka mea a ka polokalamu kele e hoʻololi i kēlā kikokikona i kahi IP address i mea e hoʻopili ai i ka ʻaoʻao Techviral a komo i kāna ʻike.
No laila, ua like kēia mau IP IP lehulehu me ka palapala laikini i hāʻawi ʻia iā ʻoe ke hele ʻoe ma ka pūnaewele. He ala ia e ʻike ai iā ʻoe iho he mea hoʻohana ma kahi ākea o ka pūnaewele kahi i hiki ʻole ke kope ʻia kahi leka uila IP.
He aha ka IP address pilikino?
I kēia manawa inā e kamaʻilio mākou e pili ana i nā leka uila IP pilikino, e wehewehe wau i nā leka uila IP pilikino nā mea i hoʻohana ʻia i nā pūnaewele pilikino e like me nā mea āu i hana ai ma kou home ma ka hoʻopili ʻana i nā polokalamu he nui ma kāu WiFi. Ke hana ʻoe i kēia, loaʻa i kēlā me kēia hāmeʻa e like me ka mea paʻi, router, a i ʻole kelepona i kona IP IP ponoʻī, no laila ʻaʻohe paio, loaʻa i kēlā me kēia hāmeʻa kahi IP IP ʻokoʻa.
Aia nā helu IP a hiki i nā helu ʻehā, i hoʻokaʻawale ʻia e ʻekolu kiko. Hiki ke ʻokoʻa nā waiwai o kēlā me kēia helu ma waena o 0 a me 255, no laila hiki ke helu IP ʻo 192.168.1.1. Ma waena o nā kaukani hui e hiki ke hana ʻia me kēia helu, aia ʻekolu i mālama ʻia no ka IP IP pilikino, a eia lākou: -
- Papa A: “10.0.0.0 a i 10.255.255.255”
- Māhele B: “172.16.0.0 a i 172.31.255.255”
- Māhele C: “192.168.0.0 a i 192.168.255.255”
ʻO ka papa A no nā pūnaewele nui, e like me nā hui honua; ʻO nā helu IP pilikino papa B no nā ʻupena liʻiliʻi, e like me nā pūnaewele kulanui, a hoʻohana mau ʻia nā helu IP pilikino Class C no nā pūnaewele liʻiliʻi a kūloko, e like me nā mea hoʻokele home.
He aha ka helu MAC?
ʻO kahi helu MAC he mea hōʻike kūʻokoʻa i hāʻawi ʻia e kēlā me kēia mea hana kāleka pūnaewele i kā lākou mau mea pili, mai ka lolouila a i ʻole kelepona paʻa i nā mea ala, nā mea paʻi a i ʻole nā mea hana ʻē aʻe. No ka mea aia kekahi mau mea me nā kāleka pūnaewele ʻē aʻe, e like me hoʻokahi no WiFi a hoʻokahi no Ethernet, hiki i kekahi o lākou ke loaʻa nā helu MAC ʻokoʻa ma muli o kahi e pili ai.
Loaʻa nā helu MAC he 48 mau bits, i hōʻike pinepine ʻia e nā helu hexadecimal. No ka mea ua like kēlā me kēia ʻōnaehana hexadecimal i ʻehā binaries (48:4 = 12), ʻo ka helu wahi he 12 mau helu i hui ʻia i ʻeono mau pālua i hoʻokaʻawale ʻia e nā kolona, eia kahi laʻana MAC address "67:8e:f9:5j:36:9t .
ʻO kekahi mea koʻikoʻi a hoihoi ʻoe e hoʻomanaʻo, aia nā ʻenekini ʻimi kūikawā e ʻike ai i ka mea hana o kahi hāmeʻa e pili ana i nā helu ʻeono mua o kāna MAC.
No ka mea he mau mea ʻike kūʻokoʻa lākou, hiki i kahi luna hoʻomalu ke hoʻohana i nā MAC e ʻae a hōʻole paha i nā polokalamu kikoʻī i ke komo ʻana i ka pūnaewele. Ma ke kumumanaʻo, ua hoʻopaʻa ʻia no kēlā me kēia hāmeʻa, ʻoiai aia nā ala e hoʻololi ai inā makemake ʻoe e ʻike hou aku i kāu pūnaewele a i ʻole e pale i nā poloka.
ʻO kēia hiʻohiʻona o kēlā me kēia MAC i hoʻokahi e pono ai ʻoe e uku kūikawā. E like me ka wā e hoʻopili ai ʻoe a hoʻāʻo paha e hoʻopili i kahi alalai, e hoʻouna ʻokoʻa kāu kelepona a i ʻole kamepiula i ka MAC. ʻO ia kekahi o nā kumu e ʻike mau ai ʻoe i hea ʻoe i pili ai i ka pūnaewele a no wai ia pūnaewele.
ʻO kēia ka ʻokoʻa o lākou mai kekahi i kekahi, ʻoiaʻiʻo, ke kamaʻilio nei wau e pili ana i ka IP address a me ka helu MAC. ʻAe, pehea kou manaʻo no kēia? E kaʻana wale i kou mau manaʻo a me kou mau manaʻo ma ka ʻāpana ʻōlelo ma lalo nei. A inā makemake ʻoe i kēia pou, mai poina e kaʻana like i kēia pou me kāu mau hoaaloha a me kou ʻohana.
