Sidee u shaqeeyaa antivirus:
Barnaamijyada ka hortagga fayraska waa qaybo awood badan oo software ah kuwaas oo lagama maarmaan u ah kombiyuutarada Windows. Haddii aad waligaa la yaabtay sida software-ka antivirus u ogaado fayraska, waxa ay ku sameeyaan kombuyuutarkaaga, iyo haddii aad u baahan tahay inaad si joogto ah u baadho naftaada, akhri.
Software-ka ka-hortagga fayraska waa qayb muhiim ah oo ka mid ah xeeladaha amniga ee lakabyada badan - xitaa haddii aad tahay isticmaale casriga ah, qulqulka joogtada ah ee dayacanka browserka. iyo plugins nidaamka Ku shaqaynta Windows lafteedu waxay ka dhigaysaa ilaalinta fayraska mid muhiim ah.
Sawir marka aad timaado
Kahortagga Virus-ku wuxuu ku shaqeeyaa gadaasha kombayutarkaaga, isaga oo baadhaya fayl kasta oo aad furto. Tan waxaa guud ahaan loo yaqaannaa iskaanka gelida gelitaanka, sawirka asalka, iskaanka dadka deggan, ilaalinta waqtiga-dhabta ah, ama shay kale, taasoo ku xidhan antivirus kaaga.
Markaad laba-gujiso faylka EXE, waxay u muuqan kartaa in barnaamijku isla markiiba bilaabmayo - laakiin maya. Anti-virus-ku wuxuu marka hore baaraa barnaamijka, wuuna is barbar dhigayaa Fayrasyada, Gooryaanka, iyo noocyada kale ee malware loo yaqaan. Fayrasku waxa kale oo uu sameeyaa iskaanka “heuristic”, barnaamajyada iskaanka ee noocyada dhaqanka xun ee tilmaamaya fayras cusub oo aan la aqoon.
Software-ka ka-hortagga fayraska wuxuu kaloo hubiyaa noocyada kale ee faylalka ay ku jiraan fayrasyada. Tusaale ahaan, waxa ku jiri kara .zip archive file waxaa ku jira fayrasyo la cadaadiyo, ama waxaa ku jiri kara Dukumeenti kelmad makro waxyeello leh. Faylasha waa la sawiraa mar kasta oo la isticmaalo - tusaale ahaan, haddii aad soo dejiso faylka EXE, isla markiiba waa la iskaan karaa, xitaa ka hor intaadan furin.
Malaha Isticmaal anti-virus-ka adiga oo aan lahayn iskaanka gelitaanka Si kastaba ha ahaatee, tani guud ahaan maaha fikrad wanaagsan - fayrasyada ka faa'iidaysta dayacanka software-ka lama ogaan doono iskaanka. Ka dib marka nidaamkaaga uu ku dhaco fayras, waa Way adag tahay in laga saaro . (Sidoo kale way adag tahay Hubi in malware-ka gabi ahaanba meesha laga saaray .)
Hubinta nidaamka buuxa
Sababtoo ah iskaanka gelitaanka, inta badan lagama maarmaan ma aha in la sameeyo iskaanka nidaamka buuxa. Haddii aad fayraska ku soo dejiso kombayutarka, antivirus-gaaga ayaa isla markiiba ogaan doona - uma baahnid inaad gacanta ku bilowdo iskaanka marka hore.
Si kastaba ha ahaatee, baaritaanada nidaamka buuxa ayaa noqon kara Faa'iido u leh waxyaabaha qaarkood. Iskaanka nidaamka buuxa ayaa faa'iido leh marka aad hadda rakibtay antivirus - waxay hubisaa inaysan jirin wax fayras ah oo ku qarsoon kombuyutarkaaga. Inta badan barnaamijyada antivirus ayaa sameeya Deji sawiro la qorsheeyay ee nidaamka oo dhan , sida caadiga ah toddobaadkii hal mar. Tani waxay hubinaysaa in faylalka qeexida fayraska ee ugu dambeeyay loo isticmaalo in lagu baaro nidaamkaaga fayraska qarsoon.
Baadhitaannadan buuxa ee diskooga waxay sidoo kale faa'iido u yeelan karaan marka la hagaajinayo kombiyuutarka. Haddii aad rabto in aad hagaajiso kombuyuutar hore u bukay, waxa fiican in aad Hard Drive-kiisa geliso kumbiyuutar kale oo aad samayso iskaanka buuxa ee Virus-ka (haddii aan la samayn). dib-u-soo-celinta buuxda ee Windows). Si kastaba ha ahaatee, inta badan uma baahnid inaad socodsiiso iskaanka nidaamka buuxa marka antivirus-ku dhab ahaantii ku ilaalinayo - had iyo jeer waxay ku sawirtaa gadaasha waxayna samaynaysaa nadiifinteeda joogtada ah ee nidaamka oo dhan.
Qeexitaannada fayraska
Software ka-hortagga fayraska wuxuu ku tiirsan yahay qeexitaannada fayraska si loo ogaado malware. Taasi waa sababta ay si toos ah u soo dejiso muuqaallo cusub oo la cusboonaysiiyay - hal mar maalintii ama xitaa marar badan. Faylasha qeexitaanku waxay ka kooban yihiin saxeexyada fayrasyada iyo malware-ka kale ee duurka lagula kulmo. Marka software-ka ka-hortagga fayl-ku-baaro oo uu ogaado in feylku ku habboon yahay qayb la yaqaan oo malware ah, software-ka ka-hortagga-ka-hortagga wuxuu xiraa faylka, isagoo gelinaya " dahaarka .” Iyada oo ku xidhan nidaamka ka-hortaggaaga, antivirus-ku waxa laga yaabaa inuu si toos ah u tirtiro faylka ama waxa laga yaabaa inaad awoodo inaad u ogolaato faylka inuu socdo si kastaba - haddii aad ku kalsoon tahay inuu been yahay.
Shirkadaha ka-hortagga fayraska waa inay si joogto ah ula socdaan malware-kii ugu dambeeyay, oo ay sii daayaan cusboonaysiinta qeexida taasoo hubinaysa in malware-ka lagu ogaado software-kooda. Shaybaadhka ka-hortagga fayraska waxay isticmaalaan qalabyo kala duwan si ay u kala furfuraan oo ay u galaan fayraska Sanduuqyada ciidda Oo sii daaya cusboonaysiinta wakhtiga ee hubinaysa in isticmaalayaasha laga ilaaliyo malware-ka cusub.
aragti
Software ka-hortagga fayrasku sidoo kale wuxuu isticmaalaa heuristics iyo barashada mashiinka. Moodooyinka barashada mashiinka ayaa la sameeyay Adigoo falanqeynaya boqolaal ama kun oo jajabyo malware ah si loo helo sifooyin ama dabeecado caadi ah. Suite-ku wuxuu u oggolaanayaa barnaamijka ka-hortagga inuu aqoonsado noocyada cusub ama la beddelay ee malware, xitaa iyada oo aan lahayn faylal qeexitaan fayras ah. Tusaale ahaan, haddii antivirus-gaagu ogaado in barnaamijka ku shaqeeya nidaamkaaga uu isku dayayo inuu furo faylka EXE kasta ee nidaamkaaga, oo uu ku dhaco isagoo ku qoraya nuqul ka mid ah barnaamijka asalka ah, antivirus wuxuu ogaan karaa barnaamijkaas inuu yahay mid cusub oo aan la garanayn. nooca fayraska.
Ma jiro antivirus kaamil ah. Heuristics-ka xad-dhaafka ah ee gardarrada ah - ama moodooyinka barashada mashiinka si aan habboonayn - waxay si khalad ah u calaamadin karaan software ammaan ah sida malware.
Waxyaalo been ah
Sababtoo ah tirada badan ee software-ka halkaas ka jira, software antivirus waxay u badan tahay mararka qaarkood inay dhahaan faylku waa fayras marka, dhab ahaantii, uu yahay fayl gebi ahaanba ammaan ah. Tan waxaa loo yaqaan " been been ah. Mararka qaarkood, shirkadaha antivirus waxay sameeyaan khaladaad sida aqoonsiga faylalka nidaamka Windows, software-ka caanka ah ee qolo saddexaad, ama faylalkooda software-ka antivirus sida fayras. Waxyaalahan beenta ah waxay dhaawici karaan nidaamyada isticmaalayaasha - khaladaadka noocan oo kale ah guud ahaan waxay ku dhamaanayaan wararka, sida marka Microsoft Security Essentials ay Google Chrome u aqoonsatay fayraska, AVG wuxuu kharribiyay 64-bit versions of Windows 7, ama Sophos waxay isu aqoonsatay inay tahay software waxyeello leh.
Heuristics sidoo kale waxay kordhin kartaa heerka been-abuurka. Barnaamijka ka hortagga fayraska ayaa laga yaabaa inuu dareemo in barnaamijku u dhaqmayo si la mid ah malware-ka oo uu ku qaldo fayras.
in kastoo, Wanaagga beenta ah aad ayay dhif u yihiin isticmaalka caadiga ah . Haddii antivirus-gaagu sheego in faylku xaasid yahay, waa inaad guud ahaan rumaysataa. Haddii aadan hubin in feylku runtii yahay fayras, waxaad isku dayi kartaa inaad geliso VirusTotal (oo hadda ay leedahay Google). VirusTotal waxa ay ku baadhaysaa faylka iyada oo wadata agabyo kala duwan oo ka hortag ah oo ay kuu sheegayso mid walba waxa ku saabsan.
heerarka ogaanshaha
Barnaamijyada ka hortagga fayraska ee kala duwan waxay leeyihiin heerar lagu ogaanayo oo kala duwan, qeexitaannada fayraska iyo hababka ka-fiirsashada labaduba waxay gacan ka geystaan khilaafyada. Shirkadaha antivirus qaarkood ayaa laga yaabaa inay leeyihiin heuristics waxtar leh oo ay sii daayaan qeexitaanno fayras ka badan marka loo eego kuwa ay la tartamayaan, taasoo keentay in la ogaado heerka sare.
Ururada qaarkood waxay si joogto ah u tijaabiyaan barnaamijyada ka hortagga fayraska, iyaga oo is barbar dhigaya heerka ogaanshaha ee isticmaalka dhabta ah. AV-Comparitives ayaa la soo saaray Daraasaduhu waxay si joogto ah u barbar dhigaan heerka hadda jira ee heerarka ogaanshaha fayraska. Heerarka sahaminta waxay u janjeeraan inay isbedelaan waqti ka dib - ma jiro wax soo saarka ugu fiican oo had iyo jeer ka horreeya qalooca. Haddii aad runtii raadinayso inaad ogaato sida uu waxtar u leeyahay software-ka antivirus-kaaga iyo midka ugu fiican, daraasadaha heerka ogaanshaha ayaa ah meesha la eegayo.
Tijaabada software-ka fayraska
Haddii aad waligaa rabto inaad tijaabiso in fayraskaagu si sax ah u shaqeeyo, waad isticmaali kartaa EICAR faylka imtixaanka . Faylka EICAR waa hab caadi ah oo lagu tijaabiyo software-ka-ka-hortagga-ma aha runtii khatar, laakiin barnaamijyada ka-hortagga waxay u dhaqmaan sidii inay khatar tahay, waxayna u aqoonsadaan inuu yahay fayras. Tani waxay kuu ogolaaneysaa inaad tijaabiso jawaabaha antivirus adigoon isticmaalin fayras nool.
Barnaamijyada ka-hortagga fayraska waa qaybo kakan oo software ah, buugaag dhumuc leh ayaa laga qori karaa mawduuca - laakiin, waxaan rajeynayaa, maqaalkani wuxuu kaa dhigay inaad barato aasaaska.
