Iintsholongwane ezingama-20 eziyingozi kakhulu kwixesha lonke

Iintsholongwane ezingama-20 eziyingozi kakhulu ngamaxesha onke

Iintsholongwane zekhompyuter zithetha iphupha elibi kuye wonke umsebenzisi wekhompyuter. Intsholongwane yekhompyuter ifana nomhlaza kwiikhompyuter ezibulala ngokuthe chu ikhompyuter yethu. Kolu luhlu, siye sakhankanya i-20 eyona ntsholongwane yekhompyutha eyonakalisayo.

I-20 eyona ntsholongwane yekhompyuter eyonakalisayo ngalo lonke ixesha

Igama elithi "Intsholongwane yeKhompyutha" liboyikisa ngokwenene bonke abasebenzisi bekhompyuter. Njengoko sonke sisazi, iintsholongwane zinokubangela umonakalo omkhulu kwikhompyuter. Inokwenzakalisa ubumfihlo bamaxhoba, inokufikelela kwiifayile zabucala kwaye inokonakalisa idatha exabisekileyo ebandakanya iifoto, iividiyo, iipassword ezigciniweyo njl.njl. Iintsholongwane zekhompyuter sele zibangele ilahleko yemali eninzi kwiinkampani ezininzi. Ngamanye amaxesha ngumbono olungileyo ukujonga ngasemva kwaye ujonge iintsholongwane ezibangele umonakalo omkhulu onokuthi ukwenze ube nexhala ngeentsholongwane zekhompyuter. Nazi i-15 eyona ntsholongwane yekhompyuter eyonakalisayo ngalo lonke ixesha.

Ndiyakuthandana

Ngumbungu wekhompyuter ohlasele iiPC zeWindows ezingaphezulu kwezigidi ezilishumi. Intsholongwane yaqala ukusasazeka njenge-imeyile enomgca wesihloko esithi "ILOVEYOU" kunye ne "LOVE-LETTER-FOR-YOU.txt.vbs" eqhotyoshelwe kuyo. Nje ukuba ucofe, inamandla okuphinda iziqondise kuwo wonke umntu okwincwadi yedilesi yexhoba kwaye iqhubeke nokubhala ngaphezulu iifayile ngokwazo zenza ukuba ikhompyuter ivuleke. Le ntsholongwane yenziwa ngabadwelisi benkqubo ababini basePhilippines, uReonel Ramones, kunye no-Onel de Guzman. Yankee Doodle

Yankee Doodle

I-Yankee Doodle yafunyanwa okokuqala ngo-1989, kwaye yenziwa yi-hacker yaseBulgaria. Kuthiwa xa uYankee Doodle wabulawa, intsholongwane ngokwayo iba khona kwinkumbulo. I-Yankee Doodle yosulela zonke .com kunye. izembe. Intsholongwane iya kudlala ingoma enye yeYankee Doodle yonke imihla ngo-4 p.m. ukuba ikwinkumbulo.

mna

I-Nimda yafunyanwa okokuqala ngoSeptemba 18, 2001. Igama lentsholongwane lithatyathwe kwigama elithi "Admin" ukuba libhalwe umva. I-Nimda isebenzise ii-imeyile, ubuthathaka beseva, iifolda ekwabelwana ngazo, kunye nokuhanjiswa kweefayile ukuze zisasazeke. Intsholongwane yaba yeyona ixhaphake kakhulu kwi-Intanethi ngaphakathi kwemizuzu engama-22. Eyona njongo iphambili yentsholongwane yayikukucothisa kakhulu i-intanethi ebangele uhlaselo lwe-DoS.

Morris worm

Ngo-1988, uRobert Tappan Morris, umfundi ophumelele kwiYunivesithi yaseCornell, wakhupha intsholongwane eyasulela phantse i-10% yazo zonke iikhompyutha eziqhagamshelwe kwi-Intanethi. Ngelo xesha iikhomputha ezingamawaka angama-60 ziqhagamshelwe kwi-Intanethi, kwaye intshulube yosulele i-10% yazo. Le ntsholongwane yayikwazi ukucothisa ikhompyuter ukuya kwinqanaba lokuba isetyenziswe njengengasebenziyo.

Funda kwakhona Uyifumana njani iHulu simahla (iindlela ezi-4)

Conficker

I-Conficker ikwabizwa ngokuba yi-Downup, i-Downadup kunye ne-Kido luhlobo lwentsholongwane yekhompyutha edla ngokujolisa kwinkqubo yokusebenza ye-Microsoft Windows. Intsholongwane yaqala ukuchongwa ngoNovemba ka-2008. Le ntsholongwane isebenzisa iziphene kwisixokelelwano esisebenzayo seWindows ukulanda igama eliyimfihlo lomlawuli ngohlaselo lwesichazi-magama ngelixa isenza iibhotnets. Le ntsholongwane yosulele izigidi zeekhompyutha eziquka urhulumente, iikhompyutha zorhwebo nezasekhaya kumazwe angaphezu kwe-190.

umbungu

I-Storm Worm yiTrojan engasemva eyachongwa ngasekupheleni kuka-2006. Umbungu wenkanyamba weza kwindawo ebonakalayo xa abasebenzisi baqala ukufumana ii-imeyile ezinomgca wesihloko malunga nentlekele yemozulu yamva nje "i-230 yabulawa ngexesha lesaqhwithi eYurophu." IStorm Worm ikhohlisa amaxhoba ngokulula ekucofeni amakhonkco omgunyathi esele osulelwe yintsholongwane kwaye ajike nayiphi na ikhompyuter yeWindows ibe yibhotnet. Ukusukela nge-22 kaJanuwari 2007, iStorm Worm yayinoxanduva lwe-8% yalo lonke usulelo lwe-malware kwihlabathi jikelele.

Skynet

Sonke siyazi malunga neTerminator, iSkynet yintsholongwane ephefumlelwe ngumboniso bhanyabhanya othi The Terminator. Yintsholongwane entle kakhulu eyenza ikhompyuter yamaxhoba icothe kakhulu kwaye ijike isikrini sekhompyuter sibe bomvu kwaye sithi "Musa ukoyika. Ndiyintsholongwane entle kakhulu. Ndenze umsebenzi omninzi namhlanje. Ke, ndiya kuvumela ikhompyuter yakho ukuba icothe. Ubenosuku oluhle... Bye. Cofa iqhosha ukuze uqhubeke.” Le ntsholongwane yosulela zonke iifayile ze.exe. kwikhompyuter.

Zeus

Olu luhlobo lwe-malware yehashe yeTrojan esasazwa ikakhulu ngokukhutshelwa ngokukhutshelwa kunye nezikimu zokukhohlisa. Yaqala ukuchongwa ngoJulayi 2007 xa yayisetyenziselwa ikakhulu ukuba ulwazi oluvela kwiSebe lezoThutho laseMelika. Kunzima ukubhaqa intsholongwane kaZeus kuba isebenzisa iindlela ezikhethekileyo ezifihlakeleyo ezenza kube nzima ukuba i-antivirus ehlaziyiweyo iyibhaqe. Ngenxa yeendlela zayo zokungena, le malware ibe yeyona bhoti inkulu kwi-intanethi.

intshabalalo yam

Ngomhla woku-2004 kuFebhruwari ka-XNUMX, phantse isigidi seekhompyutha zosulelwa yiMydoom denial of service attack, kwaye olu lolona hlaselo lukhulu lolo hlobo lwayo ukuza kuthi ga ngoku. Intsholongwane kaMydoom yasasazwa nge-imeyile equlethe umyalezo obhaliweyo “andy; Ndenza nje umsebenzi wam, akukho nto yobuqu, uxolo." Xa ixhoba livula iposi, ikhowudi ekhohlakeleyo ikhutshelwa ngokuzenzekelayo kwaye emva koko ibe abafowunelwa be-imeyile epheleleyo yexhoba. Ukusuka apho yasasazeka kumhlobo wexhoba, izalamane kunye noogxa bakhe.

Funda kwakhona Uyivula njani iwebhusayithi usebenzisa isinqumli sekhibhodi Windows 10 okanye 11

SQL Slammer

I-SQL Slammer yimbungu esasazeka ngokukhawuleza eyosulela uninzi lwamaxhoba ayo angama-75000 kwimizuzu elishumi. I-SQL Slammer yacotha kakhulu ukugcwala kwe-intanethi ngokubanzi kwaye yehlisa umthamo we-intanethi yaseMzantsi Korea emadolweni ayo iiyure ezili-12. I-SQL Slammer ijolise ikakhulu kwiiseva ngokuvelisa iidilesi ze-IP ezingahleliwe kunye nokulahla umbungu kwezo dilesi ze-IP.

ikhowudi yokuphendula

Le ntsholongwane yaqala ukukhutshwa ngoJulayi 13, 2001. Nangona kunjalo, yayisulelele iikhomputha eziphantse zibe yi-359000 ngoJulayi 19, 2001. Enye yezona zinto zibuthathaka kakhulu ngelo xesha kukuba intsholongwane yafunyanwa kwaye yaphandwa ngabasebenzi be-eEye Digital Security. NgokukaSymantec, “I-CodeRed worm ichaphazela iMicrosoft Index Server 2.0 kunye neWindows 2000 yeNkonzo yeSilathiso kwiikhompyuter ezisebenzisa iMicrosoft Windows NT 4.0 kunye neWindows 2000, eqhuba i-IIS 4.0 kunye neeseva zewebhu eziyi-5.0. Umbungu usebenzisa ubuthathaka obaziwayo ukugqithisa isithinteli esikwifayile ye-idq.dll.

uMelissa

Ewe, le yintsholongwane esekelwe kwi-Microsoft Word macro eyenziwe nguDavid L. Smith. Le ntsholongwane yayinakho ukusasazeka ngemiyalezo ye-imeyile. Ngokomdali, intsholongwane ithiywe ngomdanisi ongaqhelekanga waseFlorida. Ukuba amaxhoba akhuphele le ntsholongwane nge-imeyile, oku kunokusasazeka kubantu bokuqala abangama-50 kuluhlu lwe-imeyile.

sassr

Le ntsholongwane ihlasela uGunyaziwe woKhuseleko lweNdawo yeNkonzo yeSistim ngenxa yebuffer ephuphuma sesichengeni. Oku kujolise ikakhulu kwindlela yokusebenza yeWindows kwaye kunokuba yingozi kakhulu kwiziseko ezingundoqo. Le ntsholongwane ibangele umonakalo ophantse ube ziibhiliyoni zeerandi ngowama-2004.

Stuxnet

Ewe, ukuba ucinga ukuba le ntsholongwane ingentla yeyona ibalulekileyo, mandikuxelele, iStuxnet ifunyenwe ivale iicentrifuges ezintlanu kwizixhobo zamandla enyukliya zaseIran. Le ntsholongwane yaqala ukuchongwa ngo-2010 kwaye ijolise ikakhulu kwiinkqubo zekhompyutha zoshishino.

i-cipher

Ewe, yi-ransomware Trojan esasazwa ngokuncamathisela nge-imeyile. Phantse iikhomputha ezingama-500000 ziye zagqekezwa kwaye iifayile zazo zabhalwa ngokufihlakeleyo de isixa sentlawulelo sihlawulwe. Ngokweengxelo ezivela kwiRantnow, "Inkokeli yeqela elisemva kweCryptolocker, u-Evgeniy Bogachev, wabanjwa ekugqibeleni, kwaye iindleko zolwaphulo-mthetho zakhe zaziyi-3 yezigidi zeedola."

coca intsholongwane

I-Klez Virus yenza indlela yayo kwihlabathi ledijithali ngasekupheleni kuka-2001. Le ntsholongwane yosulela ikhompyutha yexhoba ngomyalezo we-imeyile, iziphindaphinde kwaye izithumele ebantwini kwincwadi yeedilesi ze-imeyile. Kwiimvavanyo ezongezelelweyo, intsholongwane ye-Klez yafunyanwa isebenza njengentsholongwane eqhelekileyo. Nangona kunjalo, le ntsholongwane iyakwazi ukukhubaza inkqubo ye-antivirus efakwe kwikhompyuter yexhoba.

Funda kwakhona Uyilungisa njani ingxaki yeping ephezulu kwimidlalo kwiPC

Abaduni kamva bayitshintsha intsholongwane ye-Klez ukuze isebenze ngakumbi. Intsholongwane icwangciswe ukuba ithumele abantu kwi-spam ngee-imeyile ezininzi ezivala iibhokisi zabo zangaphakathi ngokukhawuleza.

intsholongwane ye-netsky

Ewe, le ntsholongwane isasazeke ngee-imeyile kunye neenethiwekhi zeWindows. I-virus ye-Netsky ikhupha iidilesi ze-imeyile kwaye isasazeka nge-attachment yefayile ye-22-byte. Emva kokuzisasaza, kunokubangela ukuhlaselwa kwe-DoS (Ukuphika kweNkonzo). Emva kokwenza uhlaselo, inkqubo iyantlitheka ngelixa izama ukujongana nesixa se-Intanethi.

tsiba a

ILeap-A ekwaziwa ngokuba yi-Oompa-A yaqala ukuvela ngo-2006. Intsholongwane yeLeap-A ijolise kwiinkqubo zeMac kwaye yasebenzisa i-iChat yothunyelo lomyalezo olukhawulezileyo ukusasazeka kwiikhompyuter zeMac ezisesichengeni. Emva kokosulela ikhompyuter yeMac, intsholongwane yasasazeka kubo bonke abafowunelwa be-iChat kwaye yathumela umyalezo kuye wonke umntu.

Umyalezo othunyelwa yintsholongwane uqulethe ifayile eyonakeleyo efana nomfanekiso weJPEG. Le fayile yonakele yatshabalalisa iikhompyuter ezininzi zeMac kwaye kulapho iLeap-A yaduma khona.

slammer

Ewe, olu luhlobo lwentsholongwane esihlala siyibona kwiifilimu ezinxulumene neteknoloji. Ewe, le ntsholongwane ngumzekelo omkhulu wokuhlaselwa "kokwaliwa kwenkonzo". Intsholongwane inamandla ngokwaneleyo ukuthoba inkqubo yonke. Ubukhali be-Slammer bubonakaliswa ziingxelo zezinye zengozi ezimbi kakhulu ezakha zabonwa: inkonzo kaxakeka ye-911 phantsi, i-Bank of America's network ATM idilika kunye nokunye.

Pikachu

Ewe, ngo-2000, intsholongwane yokuqala yekhompyuter ejolise kubantwana, eyaziwa ngokuba yiPikachu Virus, yakhululwa. Intsholongwane imodareyithwe njenge-imeyile yokwenyani equka umlinganiswa wePokémon, uPikachu. I-imeyile yayiphethe umfanekiso wePokemon, kodwa ngaloo mifanekiso, abantwana abangalindelanga baqalise inkqubo ye-Visual Basic 6 ebizwa ngokuba yi-pikachupokemon.exe eyasusa imixholo yezalathisi.

Nokuba awuyongcaphephe kwikhompyuter, unokuzikhusela kwiintsholongwane kunye neentshulube ngaphambi kokuba zifike kwisixhobo sakho. Nanga amanye amacebiso onokuthi uwalandele:

Yiba ne-antivirus yangoku efakiweyo kwaye uskene ikhompyuter yakho
Musa ukuvula ii-imeyile ezivela kwimithombo yangaphandle, kwaye musa ukuvula amakhonkco e-spam.
Vumela iiWindows ukuba ziHlaziywe, kwaye uninzi loHlaziyo lweWindows luzisa uhlaziyo oluthile lokhuseleko olunokulungisa iziphene kwiPC yakho
Musa ukukhuphela isoftware kwimithombo engathenjwa.