I-inthanethi Yezinto iyitemu esambulela sanoma iyiphi idivayisi exhunywe ku-inthanethi, kulesi sikhathi samanje esiyiyo yonke into.
Ibizwa ngesiNgisi (i-Intanethi Yezinto (IoT).
Okuqukethwe kwe-athikili emayelana Ne-inthanethi Yezinto:
Iyini ngempela i-inthanethi Yezinto?
Kungani i-inthanethi Yezinto ibaluleke kangaka?
Ingabe I-inthanethi Yezinto ivikelekile?
Yini esilindele phambi kwe-inthanethi Yezinto?
Umqondo oyisisekelo ukuthi idivayisi ngayinye ingaxhumana nenye idivayisi, nge-inthanethi, kanye nolwazi lwempendulo kuhabhu emaphakathi. Uhlangothi lwabathengi lwalokhu yizipikha namagajethi ahlakaniphile, kodwa ngakolunye uhlangothi, lapho izinkampani zisebenza khona, ubuchwepheshe be-IoT buhlinzeka ngedatha nemininingwane ezisiza ukuthi zisebenze.
Umlando We-inthanethi Yezinto unempikiswano ngandlela thize, uhlobo lwe-spaghetti bolognese, njengoba kungekho muntu oqinisekile ukuthi uvelaphi. Ngokusho kwebhulogi ye-IBM, abafundi baseCarnegie Mellon University basungula umshini wokuthengisa ngo-1981 ukuze babone ukuthi wawungenalutho yini - into yobuchwepheshe ngaphambi kokuba i-intanethi ibe khona.
Naphezu kokungacacile, manje isisungulwe ngokuqinile ekuphileni kwansuku zonke; amafoni namakhompyutha. Izibani, ngisho neziqandisi. Ngokuyisisekelo, uma kukhona uhlobo oluthile lukagesi, lungaxhunywa kugridi.
Sine-inthanethi Yezinto kuyo yonke imboni, kusukela kwezokunakekelwa kwempilo kuye kwezokudayisa ngisho naphesheya kwezilwandle kuma-rigs kawoyela. Iphinde iqhubeke nokusabalala njengoba izinkampani ziya ngokwanda zibona ukuthi idatha ye-IoT ingabanikeza kanjani imininingwane yamakhasimende futhi ibenze baqhudelane.
Iyini ngempela i-inthanethi Yezinto?
I-IoT (I-inthanethi Yezinto) iyincazelo ebanzi, emboza ngokuyisisekelo noma iyiphi idivayisi ekwazi ukuxhumana namanye amadivayisi nge-inthanethi. Kuze kube manje sibone izinhlelo zokusebenza ezimbili ezinkulu ze-inthanethi Yezinto, ezisesizindeni sabathengi kanye nezinhlelo zokusebenza embonini.
Ngaphakathi embonini, izimiso ziyafana, kuphela ngezinga elikhulu kakhulu. Izindlela zokushaja ezimatasatasa emhlabeni manje seziphethwe amadivayisi e-IoT, anezinzwa ezikude eziqopha ngokuzenzakalelayo ukushaja futhi zivumelanisa idatha isuka echwebeni iye endaweni emaphakathi.
Kodwa-ke, ububanzi be-inthanethi Yezinto buyanda ngaso sonke isikhathi, cishe yonke idivayisi ongayicabanga iba "ixhunyiwe" ngandlela thize.
Umsizi wasekhaya ohlakaniphile ungomunye wamadivayisi e-IoT aziwa kakhulu futhi asetshenziswa kabanzi, futhi yize kungumqondo omusha esigabeni sabathengi, manje kunenqwaba yemikhiqizo etholakalayo emakethe. Ngenkathi izinkampani ezinjenge-Amazon ne-Google beziphakathi kwezokuqala ukukhuthaza ubuchwepheshe, abakhiqizi bezipikha bendabuko manje sebegxumele kubuchwepheshe obujwayelekile besikhathi sonke.
Kungani i-inthanethi Yezinto ibaluleke kangaka?
Kuyinto engenakugwemeka ngandlela-thile ukuthi njengoba i-broadband ishesha futhi ithembeke kakhulu, amadivayisi maduzane azokwazi ukuxhuma ku-WiFi njengokujwayelekile. I-inthanethi Yezinto isivele iqalile ukubumba indlela esiqhuba ngayo ibhizinisi lethu lansuku zonke; Izimoto ziyakwazi ukuvumelanisa namakhalenda ukuze zilandele ama-aphoyintimenti futhi zihlele imizila ehamba phambili, futhi izinsiza ezihlakaniphile ziphendule ukuthenga kwaba ingxoxo.
Kodwa-ke, ukusetshenziswa okuphoqelela kakhulu kwe-inthanethi Yezinto kungatholakala embonini, lapho i-AI iguqula indlela esenza ngayo ibhizinisi. Amadolobha ahlakaniphile asisiza ukuthi sehlise ukumoswa nokusetshenziswa kwamandla, kuyilapho abakhiqizi sebekwazi manje ukusebenzisa amadivayisi axhunyiwe ashaya izingcingo ngokuzenzakalelayo. Izinzwa ezixhunyiwe manje sezibona ukusetshenziswa kwezolimo, lapho zisiza ukuqapha isivuno sezitshalo nemfuyo futhi zibikezele amaphethini okukhula.
Ingabe I-inthanethi Yezinto ivikelekile?
Ngo-2016, abaduni basebenzise ithangi lezinhlanzi elinikwe amandla i-IoT njengendlela yokungena kwinethiwekhi yekhasino yaseNyakatho Melika. Ithangi bekufanele lifakwe izinzwa zokulawula izinga lokushisa, lazise umnikazi walo ngezikhathi zokudla futhi liyilungiselele ku-VPN eyodwa. Ngandlela thize, abaduni bakwazile ukugebenga lokho futhi bathole ukufinyelela kwezinye izinhlelo ngaphakathi kwekhasino.
Yize kuyindaba ehlekisayo, futhi igqamisa ubungozi be-inthanethi Yezinto ngokuthi yonke idivayisi onayo ingaba isango layo yonke inethiwekhi yakho. Ezinkampanini ezinamafekthri wonke asebenzisa imishini ye-IoT, noma amahhovisi anamadivayisi we-IoT, ukwenza isiqiniseko sokuthi yonke into ivikelekile kungaba yikhanda elikhulu.
Ingxenye yenkinga kungaba amaphasiwedi azenzakalelayo okulula ukuwaqhekeza. Lokhu bekugxilwe kakhulu kwesiphakamiso sikahulumeni waseBrithani esibizwa nge-"Secure by Design" esinxuse abakhiqizi ukuthi bafake ukuphepha kumklamo, kunokuwengeza ngemva kokwakhiwa.
Lokhu kubaluleke kakhulu ku-inthanethi Yezinto, ikakhulukazi njengoba cishe noma yini ingavulwa ku-inthanethi futhi lokhu kwesinye isikhathi kungasho lokho okubizwa ngokuthi "amadivaysi angenakhanda". Okuthile okungenayo indlela yokuguqula iphasiwedi ngenxa yokuthi inezilawuli ezingavuthiwe noma azinasixhumi esibonakalayo.
Yini esilindele phambi kwe-inthanethi Yezinto?
Kunobuchwepheshe obuningi obuhlobene nempumelelo yesikhathi esizayo yenkampani ye-IoT, njengezimoto ezingashayeli, amadolobha ahlakaniphile, nezinhlelo zokusebenza ezahlukahlukene ze-AI. Ngokusho kweNorton, izinto eziyizigidi eziyizinkulungwane ezingu-4.7 zixhunywe kunethiwekhi, futhi lokhu kulindeleke ukuthi kukhuphuke ku-11.6 billion ngo-2021. Ukukhula kukhona, kodwa kunenombolo yezinye izici okufanele zande futhi.
Imithetho eqinile nezilawuli zokuphepha eziqinile zidlala indima enkulu esikhathini esizayo se-inthanethi Yezinto. Njengoba amadivayisi amaningi engena ezinhlanganweni, abahlaseli bazothola ithuba elengeziwe lokufinyelela. Eminyango ye-IT, lokhu kungase kube umzamo wokumisa amanzi angena ngesisefo.
Kukhona futhi imibuzo yokuziphatha okufanele ucabange ngayo. Njengoba iningi lala madivayisi asetshenziselwa ukumbiwa kwedatha, lapho avame kakhulu endaweni yokusebenza kanye nomphakathi obanzi, yilapho ehlasela kakhulu ubumfihlo.
