Adilesi ya IP ndi adilesi ya kompyuta komwe kuchuluka kwa anthu pa intaneti kumatumizidwa ndipo adilesi ya MAC ndi chizindikiritso chapadera chomwe chimaperekedwa ndi wopanga makadi a netiweki ku chipangizo chake cholumikizidwa. Chifukwa chake, mu positi yabwinoyi, tikuwonetsani kusiyana konse pakati pa adilesi ya IP ndi adilesi ya MAC.
Kodi pali kusiyana kotani pakati pa adilesi ya IP ndi adilesi ya MAC?
Ma adilesi a IP ndi a MAC ndi ma adilesi omwe amazindikiritsa chipangizo ndi kulumikizana kwa netiweki. Adilesi ya MAC kwenikweni ndi nambala yoperekedwa ku NIC ndi wopanga, pomwe tsopano ngati tilankhula za adilesi ya IP, ndiroleni ndikuuzeni zonse m'mawu oyambira kuti ndi nambala yoperekedwa kulumikizano pamanetiweki.
Kusiyana kwakukulu pakati pa adilesi ya IP ndi adilesi ya MAC ndikuti adilesi ya MAC imazindikiritsa mwapadera chipangizo chomwe chikufuna kutenga nawo gawo pa intaneti. Komano, adilesi ya IP imazindikiritsa mwapadera kulumikizana kwa netiweki ndi mawonekedwe a chipangizocho.
Werengani komanso: Kodi pali kusiyana kotani pakati pa static ndi dynamic IP address?؟
Komabe, tsopano popanda kuwononga nthawi yambiri, tiyeni tiwadziwe mwachidule, ndi kuona kusiyana kwawo. Chifukwa chake, titha kudziwa momwe amasiyanirana wina ndi mnzake komanso momwe amagwirira ntchito.
Kodi IP adilesi ndi chiyani?
IP imayimira "Internet Protocol", ndipo imatengedwa ngati dzina la njira yolumikizirana kudzera pa netiweki ndi adilesi ya IP, yomwe ndi nambala yomwe mumasankha kapena kupatsidwa pa intaneti, ndipo iyi si njira yodziwira. Intaneti. amene ndi ndani.
Kotero ndi mtundu wa "kudula mitengo" kuti mudziwe inu mukakhala pa intaneti. Komabe, pali mitundu iwiri ya ma adilesi a IP, ma adilesi a IP aboma ndi ma IP achinsinsi, ndipo aliyense ali ndi cholinga chosiyana kotheratu.
Kodi adilesi ya IP yapagulu ndi chiyani?
Adilesi ya IP ya anthu onse ndi adilesi yomwe imaperekedwa ndi Internet Service Provider, makampani omwe amapereka intaneti monga Jio, Airtel, Vodafone, ndi zina zotero, ndipo amathandiza kuti akudziweni pa intaneti mukalumikiza. Ngakhale palinso zokonza, ndizofala kuti ma adilesi a IP awa amasintha komanso kusintha pafupipafupi osazindikira.
Palibe amene angayang'ane pa intaneti popanda adilesi ya IP, ndipo palibe tsamba lomwe lingakhale pa intaneti popanda adilesi ya IP. M'malo mwake, mukalemba adilesi ngati "www.techviral.net", zomwe msakatuli amachita ndikusintha mawuwo kukhala adilesi ya IP kuti alumikizane ndi tsamba la Techviral ndikupeza zomwe zili.
Chifukwa chake, ma adilesi a IP awa ali ngati chiphaso choperekedwa kwa inu mukapita pa intaneti. Ndi njira yodzizindikiritsira kuti ndinu wogwiritsa ntchito pa intaneti pomwe ma adilesi a IP sangathe kubwereza.
Kodi IP adilesi yachinsinsi ndi chiyani?
Pomwe pano tikanena za ma adilesi achinsinsi a IP, ndiloleni ndifotokozere kuti ma adilesi achinsinsi a IP ndi omwe amagwiritsidwa ntchito pamanetiweki achinsinsi ngati omwe mumapanga m'nyumba mwanu polumikiza zida zingapo pa WiFi yanu. Mukachita izi, chipangizo chilichonse monga chosindikizira, rauta, kapena foni yamakono chili ndi adilesi yake ya IP, kotero palibe mikangano, chipangizo chilichonse chimakhala ndi adilesi yosiyana ya IP.
Maadiresi a IP amakhala ndi manambala mpaka anayi, olekanitsidwa ndi madontho atatu. Miyezo ya nambala iliyonse imatha kusiyana pakati pa 0 ndi 255, kotero adilesi ya IP ikhoza kukhala 192.168.1.1. Mwa masauzande ambiri ophatikizika omwe atha kupangidwa ndi manambala awa, pali atatu omwe amasungidwa pa adilesi yachinsinsi ya IP, ndipo nazi: -
- Kalasi A: “10.0.0.0 mpaka 10.255.255.255”
- Gulu B: "172.16.0.0 mpaka 172.31.255.255"
- Gulu C: "192.168.0.0 mpaka 192.168.255.255"
Gulu A ndi la maukonde akuluakulu, monga makampani apadziko lonse lapansi; Maadiresi a IP achinsinsi a Class B ndi amtaneti apakatikati, monga maukonde akuyunivesite, ndipo ma adilesi a IP achinsinsi a Class C nthawi zambiri amagwiritsidwa ntchito pamanetiweki ang'onoang'ono komanso am'deralo, monga ma routers akunyumba.
Kodi adilesi ya MAC ndi chiyani?
Adilesi ya MAC ndi chizindikiritso chapadera chomwe wopanga makhadi a netiweki aliyense amagawira zida zake zolumikizidwa, kuchokera pakompyuta kapena foni yam'manja kupita ku ma router, osindikiza, kapena zida zina. Popeza pali zipangizo ndi makadi osiyana maukonde, monga WiFi ndi Efaneti, ena a iwo akhoza kukhala osiyana MAC maadiresi kutengera kumene iwo olumikizidwa.
Maadiresi a MAC amakhala ndi ma bits 48, omwe nthawi zambiri amaimiridwa ndi manambala a hexadecimal. Popeza dongosolo lililonse la hexadecimal limafanana ndi ma binaries anayi (48:4 = 12), adilesi ili ndi manambala 12 ogawidwa m'magulu asanu ndi limodzi olekanitsidwa ndi ma colon, nachi chitsanzo adilesi ya MAC "67:8e:f9:5j:36:9t .
Chinthu chinanso chofunikira komanso chosangalatsa chomwe muyenera kukumbukira ndi chakuti pali injini zosakira zapadera kuti mudziwe wopanga chipangizo chotengera manambala asanu ndi limodzi oyambirira a MAC yake.
Chifukwa ndi zozindikiritsa zapadera, woyang'anira netiweki amatha kugwiritsa ntchito ma MAC kulola kapena kukana zida zinazake kuti zilumikizane ndi netiweki. Mwachidziwitso, zimakhazikika pa chipangizo chilichonse, ngakhale pali njira zosinthira ngati mukufuna kuti ziwonekere pamaneti anu kapena kupewa kutsekeka.
Kusiyanitsa kwa MAC iliyonse kumodzi kumafunikiranso kuti mupereke chidwi chapadera. Monga mukulumikiza kapena kuyesa kulumikiza rauta, foni yanu yam'manja kapena kompyuta imatumiza MAC yokha. Ichi ndi chimodzi mwa zifukwa zomwe mumadziwa nthawi zonse komwe mwalumikizidwa ndi intaneti komanso kuti netiwekiyo ndi ya ndani.
Umu ndi momwe amasiyanirana wina ndi mnzake, inde, ndikulankhula za adilesi ya IP ndi adilesi ya MAC. Chabwino, mukuganiza bwanji pa izi? Ingogawanani malingaliro anu onse ndi malingaliro anu mu gawo la ndemanga pansipa. Ndipo ngati mumakonda positiyi, osayiwala kugawana izi ndi anzanu komanso abale anu.
