Isebenza njani i-antivirus:
Iinkqubo zeAntivirus ziziqwengana ezinamandla zesoftware eziyimfuneko kwiikhompyuter zeWindows. Ukuba ukhe wazibuza ukuba isoftware ye-antivirus izibona njani iintsholongwane, zenza ntoni kwikhompyuter yakho, kwaye nokuba ufuna ukuqhuba inkqubo yesiqhelo yokuzijonga, qhubeka ufunda.
Isoftware yeAntivirus yinxalenye ebalulekileyo yesicwangciso sokhuseleko esinamanqanaba amaninzi - nokuba ungumsebenzisi we-smartphone, umjelo oqhubekayo wokuba sesichengeni kwesikhangeli. kunye neeplagi inkqubo Ukusebenza kweWindows ngokwayo kwenza ukhuseleko lwentsholongwane lubaluleke.
Skena ekufikeni
I-Antivirus isebenza ngasemva kwikhompyuter yakho, iskena yonke ifayile oyivulayo. Oku kwaziwa ngokubanzi njenge-on-access scanning, ukuskena ngasemva, ukuskena kwabahlali, ukhuseleko lwexesha lokwenyani, okanye enye into, ngokuxhomekeke kwi-antivirus yakho.
Xa ucofa kabini ifayile ye-EXE, kunokubonakala ngathi inkqubo iqala kwangoko - kodwa ayenzi. I-antivirus ihlola inkqubo kuqala, kwaye ithelekise Iintsholongwane, iintshulube, kunye nezinye iintlobo ze-malware eyaziwayo. I-antivirus yenza iskena se-"heuristic", ihlola iinkqubo zeentlobo zokuziphatha okubi ezinokubonisa intsholongwane entsha, engaziwayo.
Isoftware yeAntivirus ikwajonga ezinye iindidi zeefayile ezinokuqulatha iivayirasi. Umzekelo, inokuqulatha .zip ifayile yogcino Ziqulathe iintsholongwane ezicinezelweyo, okanye zinokuqulatha Uxwebhu lwegama kwimakro eyingozi. Iifayile ziskenwa nanini na xa zisetyenziswa - umzekelo, ukuba ukhuphela ifayile ye-EXE, iya kuskenwa kwangoko, nangaphambi kokuba uyivule.
Mhlawumbi Sebenzisa i-antivirus ngaphandle kokufikelela kwiskeni Nangona kunjalo, oku ayisiyombono ilungileyo - iintsholongwane ezisebenzisa ubuthathaka kwisoftware aziyi kubonwa sisikena. Emva kokuba inkqubo yakho yosulelwe yintsholongwane, kunjalo Kunzima ukuyisusa . (Kunzima kwakhona Qinisekisa ukuba i-malware isuswe ngokupheleleyo .)
Ukujonga inkqubo epheleleyo
Ngenxa ye-on-access scanning, akudla ngokuba yimfuneko ukwenza inkqubo epheleleyo yokuskena. Ukuba ukhuphela intsholongwane kwikhompyuter yakho, i-antivirus yakho iya kuyibona kwangoko-akuyomfuneko ukuba uqale ukuskena kuqala.
Nangona kunjalo, inkqubo epheleleyo yokuskena ingaba Iluncedo kwezinye izinto. Ukuskena inkqubo epheleleyo kuluncedo xa usandula ukufaka i-antivirus - iqinisekisa ukuba akukho zintsholongwane zihleli kwikhompyuter yakho. Uninzi lweenkqubo ze-antivirus zenza Cwangcisa izikena ezicwangcisiweyo zenkqubo yonke , ngokuqhelekileyo kanye ngeveki. Oku kuqinisekisa ukuba iifayile zenkcazelo yentsholongwane zakutsha zisetyenziselwa ukuskena isixokelelwano sakho kwiintsholongwane ezifihlakeleyo.
Olu vavanyo lupheleleyo lwediski lunokuba luncedo xa ulungisa ikhompyuter. Ukuba ufuna ukulungisa ikhompyutha esele ichaphazeleke, luluvo oluhle ukufaka i-hard drive yayo kwenye ikhompyuter kwaye wenze inkqubo epheleleyo yokuskena iintsholongwane (ukuba ayiqhutywa). ukufakwa kwakhona ngokupheleleyo kweWindows). Nangona kunjalo, awuqhelekanga ukuba uqhube iskena esipheleleyo senkqubo xa i-antivirus ikukhusela ngokwenene-ihlala iskena ngasemva kwaye isenza utshayela rhoqo kuyo yonke inkqubo.
Iinkcazelo zentsholongwane
Isoftware yeAntivirus ixhomekeke kwiinkcazo zentsholongwane ukubona i-malware. Yiyo loo nto ikhuphela ngokuzenzekelayo iiprofayili ezintsha nezihlaziywayo - kanye ngosuku okanye nangaphezulu. Iifayile zenkcazo ziqulethe iisignali zeentsholongwane kunye nezinye i-malware ezifunyenwe endle. Xa isoftware ye-antivirus iskena ifayile kwaye iqaphela ukuba ifayile ihambelana neqhekeza elaziwayo le-malware, isoftware ye-antivirus iyayivala ifayile, iyibeka kwindawo " ukugquma .” Ngokuxhomekeke kwisethingi yakho ye-antivirus, i-antivirus inokucima ifayile ngokuzenzekelayo okanye unokukwazi ukuyiyeka ifayile ukuba iqhube - ukuba uqinisekile ukuba i-positive yobuxoki.
Iinkampani ze-Antivirus kufuneka zihlale zihambelana ne-malware yamva nje, kwaye zikhuphe uhlaziyo lwenkcazo oluqinisekisa ukuba i-malware ichongiwe yisoftware yabo. Iilebhu zeAntivirus zisebenzisa izixhobo ezahlukeneyo zokuqhaqha kwaye ziqhube iintsholongwane ngaphakathi Iibhokisi zesanti Kwaye ukhuphe uhlaziyo olusexesheni oluqinisekisa ukuba abasebenzisi bakhuselekile kwi-malware entsha.
uthelekiso
Isoftware yeAntivirus ikwasebenzisa i-heuristics kunye nokufunda koomatshini. Iimodeli zokufunda ngoomatshini ziyenziwa Ngokuhlalutya amakhulu okanye amawaka amaqhekeza e-malware ukufumana iimpawu eziqhelekileyo okanye indlela yokuziphatha. I-suite ivumela inkqubo ye-antivirus ukuchonga iintlobo ezintsha okanye ezilungisiweyo ze-malware, nangaphandle kweefayile zenkcazo yentsholongwane. Umzekelo, ukuba i-antivirus yakho iyaqaphela ukuba inkqubo esebenza kwinkqubo yakho izama ukuvula yonke ifayile ye-EXE kwindlela yakho, kwaye iyosulela ngokubhala ikopi yenkqubo yokuqala kuyo, i-antivirus inokubona loo nkqubo njengento entsha, engaziwayo. uhlobo lwentsholongwane.
Akukho antivirus igqibelele. I-heuristics enobunkunkqele obugqithisileyo - okanye iimodeli zokufunda ngoomatshini ngokungafanelekanga - zinokuphawula ngempazamo isoftware ekhuselekileyo njenge-malware.
Iimpawu zobuxoki
Ngenxa yesixa esikhulu sesoftware phaya, isoftware ye-antivirus iya kuthi ngamanye amaxesha ifayile yintsholongwane xa, enyanisweni, iyifayile ekhuselekileyo ngokupheleleyo. Oku kwaziwa ngokuba “ ubuxoki. Ngamanye amaxesha, iinkampani ze-antivirus zenza iimpazamo ezinjengokuchonga iifayile zenkqubo yeWindows, isoftware eyaziwayo yomntu wesithathu, okanye iifayile zabo zesoftware ye-antivirus njengeentsholongwane. Ezi ziphumo zobuxoki zingonakalisa iinkqubo zabasebenzisi - ezo mpazamo ngokubanzi ziphelela ezindabeni, njengaxa iMicrosoft Security Essentials ichonge iGoogle Chrome njengentsholongwane, i-AVG yonakalise iinguqulelo ze-64-bit ye-Windows 7, okanye i-Sophos izichonge njengesoftware Eyingozi.
I-Heuristics inokunyusa izinga lobuxoki. Inkqubo ye-antivirus inokuqaphela ukuba inkqubo iziphatha ngendlela efanayo ne-malware kwaye iphosakele njengentsholongwane.
nangona, Iimpawu zobuxoki zinqabile ngokufanelekileyo kusetyenziso oluqhelekileyo . Ukuba i-antivirus yakho ithi ifayile inobungozi, kufuneka uyikholelwe ngokubanzi. Ukuba awuqinisekanga ukuba ifayile yintsholongwane ngenene, ungazama ukuyilayisha kuyo VirusTotal (ngoku ephethwe nguGoogle). IVirusTotal iskena ifayile ngeemveliso ezahlukeneyo zeantivirus kwaye ikuxelela ukuba nganye ithini ngayo.
amazinga okubona
Iinkqubo ezahlukeneyo ze-antivirus zinemilinganiselo eyahlukileyo yokufumanisa, kwaye zombini iinkcazo zentsholongwane kunye neendlela zokubethelela zinegalelo ekungangqinelani. Ezinye iinkampani ze-antivirus zinokuba ne-heuristics esebenzayo kwaye zikhuphe iinkcazo ezininzi zentsholongwane kunabo bakhuphisana nabo, okukhokelela kwizinga eliphezulu lokubhaqa.
Eminye imibutho ivavanya rhoqo iinkqubo ze-antivirus ngokuchaseneyo, ithelekisa amazinga abo okubona ekusetyenzisweni kwayo. Ii-AV-Comparities zikhutshwa Izifundo zihlala zithelekisa imeko yangoku yamazinga okubona i-antivirus. Amazinga okufunyanwa athanda ukuguquguquka ngokuhamba kwexesha - akukho mveliso ilungileyo isoloko iphambi kwegophe. Ukuba ujonge ngenene ukufumanisa ukuba isebenza kangakanani na isoftware yakho ye-antivirus kwaye yeyiphi eyona ilungileyo, uphononongo lwenqanaba lokubonwa yindawo omawujonge kuyo.
Uvavanyo lwesoftware yeAntivirus
Ukuba ufuna ukuvavanya ukuba i-antivirus yakho isebenza kakuhle, ungasebenzisa Ifayile yovavanyo ye-EICAR . Ifayile ye-EICAR yindlela eqhelekileyo yokuvavanya isoftware ye-antivirus - ayiyongozi ngokwenene, kodwa iinkqubo ze-antivirus zisebenza ngokungathi ziyingozi, kwaye zichonge njengentsholongwane. Oku kukuvumela ukuba uvavanye iimpendulo ze-antivirus ngaphandle kokusebenzisa intsholongwane ephilayo.
Iinkqubo zeAntivirus ziziqwengana ezintsonkothileyo zesoftware, kwaye iincwadi ezishinyeneyo zinokubhalwa kulo mbandela - kodwa, ngethemba, eli nqaku likwenze waqhelana neziseko.
