5 Qhov Tseem Ceeb Kev Ruaj Ntseg Ua Rau Koj Mac.
Koj puas tau xav paub tias koj Mac ua dab tsi los khaws koj cov ntaub ntawv kom nyab xeeb? Nov yog cov haujlwm tseem ceeb ntawm kev ruaj ntseg tsim rau hauv macOS uas koj yuav tsum siv los tiv thaiv koj lub cev.
Peb feem ntau paub txog qhov yuav tsum tau muaj cov passwords muaj zog los tiv thaiv peb cov nyiaj thiab cov khoom siv los ntawm kev nkag mus tsis tau. Txawm li cas los xij, peb yuav tsis quav ntsej coj kom zoo dua ntawm kev ruaj ntseg ntxiv uas muab los ntawm software thiab hardware manufacturers.
Apple muab ntau yam cuab yeej built-in uas koj tuaj yeem siv los tiv thaiv koj Mac los ntawm tub sab, tus neeg ua haujlwm siab phem, thiab lwm tus neeg uas tsis tuaj yeem nkag mus rau koj cov ntaub ntawv tus kheej. Cov yam ntxwv no yooj yim siv, yooj yim rau kev teeb tsa, thiab tuaj yeem txuag koj teeb meem yav tom ntej yog tias ib tus neeg tsom koj lub cuab yeej. Cia peb saib qee qhov tseem ceeb tshaj plaws.
1. Khaws koj cov ntaub ntawv nrog FileVault
Ntawm cov versions tsis ntev los no ntawm macOS, Kev Pabcuam Teebmeem qhia koj kom qhib FileVault thaum lub sijhawm teeb tsa. Cov neeg tsis paub txog qhov tshwj xeeb yuav zam tsis tau tig nws yog tias lawv tsis nkag siab nws, thiab cov uas maj nrawm los ntawm cov txheej txheem teeb tsa yuav tsis pom qhov kev xaiv.
FileVault ntxiv ib txheej ntxiv ntawm kev ruaj ntseg, dhau ntawm tus thawj tswj hwm tus neeg siv tus password, los ntawm kev encrypting koj tag nrho macOS ntim. Qhov no txhais tau hais tias tsis muaj leej twg tuaj yeem nkag mus rau cov ntaub ntawv ntawm koj lub hard drive yam tsis muaj tus password decryption.
Kev tiv thaiv ntxiv tiv thaiv cov neeg tsis tau tso cai los ntawm kev nkag mus rau lub cev rau cov ntsiab lus ntawm koj lub computer. Yog tsis muaj FileVault enabled, tus neeg siv fais fab tuaj yeem hla koj tus neeg siv kev tswj hwm tus account thiab pab lawv tus kheej rau koj cov ntaub ntawv, tsuav lawv muaj kev nkag mus rau koj lub tsav.
Hmoov zoo, siv FileVault yog ib txoj hauv kev yooj yim thiab siv tau los ua kom cov cuab yeej ruaj ntseg thiab tiv thaiv koj cov ntaub ntawv. Txhawm rau kom encryption, ua raws cov kauj ruam no:
- Qhib Nyiam System .
- Xaiv Kev nyab xeeb thiab kev ceev ntiag tug .
- Xaiv tab FileVault.
- Qhib xauv .
- Nyem Qhib FileVault .
Yog tias koj lub cuab yeej muaj ntau tus neeg siv, koj yuav tsum xaiv Qhib tus neeg siv Txhua tus account yuav tsum muaj kev tso cai los qhib lub disk.
Nyem Txuas ntxiv , thiab cov lus ceeb toom yuav tshwm sim nug koj seb koj xav li cas rov pib koj tus password FileVault yog tias koj tsis nco qab nws. Rau qhov no, koj muaj ob txoj kev xaiv: siv koj li Apple ID / iCloud account, lossis siv tus yuam sij rov qab tsim. Ob qho kev xaiv tuaj nrog lub caveat. Yog tias koj xaiv siv iCloud raws li txoj kev pib dua, koj yuav tsum muaj kev ruaj ntseg ntawm tus account ntawd. Hloov chaw, yog tias koj xav tsim kom muaj tus yuam sij rov qab, koj yuav tsum khaws nws hauv qhov chaw nyab xeeb uas tsuas yog koj tuaj yeem nkag tau.
Xauv koj tus kheej los ntawm qhov ntim encrypted txhais tau tias tshem tag nrho cov tsav kom rov nkag tau, yog li koj yuav tsum mob siab rau koj tus password thiab txoj kev rov qab los.
Thaum xub thawj, FileVault ua haujlwm hauv keeb kwm yav dhau los encrypt koj tsav. Koj yuav tsum txuas koj lub cuab yeej rau lub zog thiab tso cai rau cov txheej txheem kom tiav. Lub sij hawm encryption txawv nyob ntawm seb qhov loj ntawm koj lub hard drive, thiab nws yog qhov zoo tshaj kom tsis txhob cuam tshuam cov txheej txheem. Thaum ua tiav, koj cov ntaub ntawv encrypted tshiab yuav ua rau nws nyuaj dua rau cov tub sab cov ntaub ntawv kom nkag mus rau koj cov ntaub ntawv ntiag tug.
2. Tiv thaiv koj Mac nrog tus password firmware
Ib tug firmware password ntxiv ib txheej ntxiv ntawm kev ruaj ntseg rau koj ntaus ntawv. Thaum enabled, lub feature prompts koj rau ib lo lus zais thaum twg koj sim khau raj los ntawm ib tug alternate ntim, xws li ib tug rov muab faib, txuas sab nraud cia, los yog thaum siv feem ntau Mac startup tseem ceeb ua ke.
Los ntawm lub neej ntawd, cov neeg siv tsis tau tso cai tuaj yeem ua kom zoo dua ntawm qee qhov Mac nta, xws li rov qab los lossis ib tus neeg siv hom, los tswj koj lub cuab yeej. Tab sis tus firmware password tiv thaiv kev nkag mus rau cov chaw ntawd.
Vim tias cov ntawv tshiab ntawm FileVault suav nrog kev tiv thaiv zoo sib xws, Apple Silicon Macs tsis tas yuav tsum muaj tus password firmware lawm. Txawm li cas los xij, ntau tus neeg tseem muaj Macs nrog Intel chips, yog li lawv tuaj yeem ua kom zoo dua ntawm kev ruaj ntseg ntxiv.
Txhawm rau teeb tsa tus password firmware ntawm Intel Mac, khau raj rau hauv qhov rov qab muab faib los ntawm nias Cmd + R. thaum pib thiab ua raws li cov lus qhia no:
- Nyem Ntawv qhia zaub mov Cov khoom siv hluav taws xob .
- Xaiv Startup Security Utility أو Firmware Lo Lus Cog Tseg Lub Chaw Tso Dej .
- Sau tus password muaj zog uas koj yuav nco ntsoov.
- Rov pib dua Mac los ntawm cov npe Kua .
Qhov no yog nws. Lub firmware lo lus zais tam sim no tiv thaiv koj lub cuab yeej los ntawm kev tsis raug cai tampering thiab muab qhov zoo tshaj plaws ntxiv rau FileVault encryption.
Nco ntsoov tus password firmware yog qhov tseem ceeb. Yog tias koj hnov qab yam koj tau nkag mus, rov qab nkag mus rau koj lub cuab yeej yuav xav tau cov ntaub ntawv pov thawj ntawm kev yuav khoom, taug kev mus rau Apple Lub Chaw Pabcuam Tso Cai, thiab daim ntawv them nqi nrog qhov teeb meem.
Cov txheej txheem nruj no ua kom ntseeg tau tias tsuas yog tus tswv ntawm lub cuab yeej tuaj yeem thov kom tshem tawm qhov kev nyab xeeb thaum xav tau. Peb pom zoo kom koj sau tus password firmware hauv tus password manager.
3. Siv Nrhiav Kuv Mac los taug qab, xauv, thiab lwv koj lub cuab yeej
Nrhiav Kuv Mac yog qhov kawg thev naus laus zis tiv thaiv tawm tsam tub sab. Lub iCloud feature cia koj taug qab koj Mac yog tias nws ploj lawm, remotely xauv koj lub cuab yeej nrog tus password firmware, thiab lwv koj lub hard drive los tiv thaiv nws cov ntaub ntawv. Koj tuaj yeem tshawb xyuas lub roj teeb theem ntawm lub tswb nrov kom koj paub thaum twg thiab qhov twg nws yuav poob zog.
Muaj qhov laj thawj me me kom tsis txhob siv Nrhiav Kuv Mac, thiab teeb tsa lub feature tsuas yog siv ob peb feeb xwb. Nov yog yuav ua li cas rau configure nws:
- Qhib Nyiam System .
- Xaiv Kua ID أو Cov nyiaj hauv internet .
- Nrhiav iCloud los ntawm cov npe.
- Nrhiav Nrhiav kuv Mac , Tom qab ntawd tso cai nkag mus.
Txhawm rau siv Find My Mac nta, mus rau iCloud.com thiab sau npe Nkag mus thiab xaiv Nrhiav iPhone . Los ntawm no, koj tuaj yeem nkag mus rau koj cov npe ntaus ntawv thiab ua cov haujlwm tsim nyog.
Nrhiav Kuv Mac yog qhov tseem ceeb tshaj plaws vim tias nws tsis tsuas yog pab koj tiv thaiv thiab rov qab tau lub cuab yeej ploj lossis raug nyiag lawm, tab sis nws tseem tiv thaiv tub sab los ntawm nws lub xub ntiag. Yog tias cov neeg siv ntau dua qhov no thiab cov yam ntxwv kev nyab xeeb zoo sib xws, nyiag lub computer, xov tooj, lossis lwm yam khoom siv tiv thaiv yuav ua rau tsis muaj txiaj ntsig.
4. Kua ID ob-factor authentication
Ua kom muaj ob qhov kev lees paub tseeb rau tag nrho koj cov nyiaj, suav nrog koj tus Apple ID, yog txoj hauv kev yooj yim thiab siv tau los ua kom muaj kev ruaj ntseg. Thaum cov neeg feem coob tau paub txog cov txheej txheem no, qee tus tseem tsis tau txais yuav qhov tshwj xeeb. Kev ruaj ntseg Apple ID yog qhov tseem ceeb rau lub cuab yeej kev ruaj ntseg tag nrho, vim nws muab kev nkag mus rau tus account rau txhua tus kom rov pib dua FileVault password thiab lov tes taw Nrhiav Kuv Mac.
Yog tias koj tsis tau qhib ob qhov kev lees paub tseeb ntawm koj tus Apple ID, peb xav kom koj ua tam sim no. Txoj kev ceev tshaj plaws los teeb tsa lub feature yog los ntawm lub vaj huam sib luag Apple ID hauv Nyiam System . Koj tsuas yog yuav tsum xaiv qhov kev xaiv Password thiab kev ruaj ntseg thiab ua raws li cov lus qhia.
5. Kev tiv thaiv kev ruaj ntseg
Thaum cov cuab yeej saum toj no yuav tsum tau ua kom ua haujlwm, Apple kuj muab cov yam ntxwv tsis siv neeg kev ruaj ntseg hauv macOS, suav nrog Kev Tiv Thaiv Kev Ncaj Ncees (SIP).
SIP, qhia hauv El Capitan (macOS 10.11), tiv thaiv cov neeg siv hauv paus account thiab cov neeg ua haujlwm siab phem los ntawm kev hloov kho qhov tseem ceeb ntawm lub cev. Lub feature ua haujlwm tau txais thiab tsis tas yuav teeb tsa ntxiv. Nrog SIP nyob rau hauv qhov chaw, tsuas yog Apple cov txheej txheem muaj txoj cai los hloov cov ntaub ntawv kaw lus, uas txwv qhov kev puas tsuaj uas cov neeg ua haujlwm siab phem tuaj yeem ua tau yog tias lawv nkag mus rau koj lub cev.
Thaum SIP yog qhov tsis siv neeg ua haujlwm, cov khoom siv khiav macOS versions ntxov dua 10.11 ploj lawm qhov no. Yog tias koj siv lub operating system qub, peb xav kom hloov kho dua tshiab tshwj tsis yog tias koj muaj laj thawj zoo tsis ua. Yog tias koj tsis tuaj yeem hloov kho, nws yog lub sijhawm los hloov koj Mac.
Koj Mac puas muaj kev nyab xeeb?
Thaum nws los txog rau Mac kev ruaj ntseg, Apple muab cov cuab yeej muaj txiaj ntsig zoo. FileVault encrypts koj lub hard drive los tiv thaiv koj cov ntaub ntawv, thiab firmware lo lus zais rau cov khoom siv siv los ntawm Intel chips ntxiv txheej ntxiv ntawm kev ruaj ntseg. Nrhiav Kuv Mac hauv iCloud yog lub cuab yeej tseem ceeb rau kev tiv thaiv tub sab thiab tswj cov khoom siv ploj lossis tsis raug cai.
Lub caij no, ua kom muaj ob qhov kev lees paub tseeb rau Apple ID yog ib qho ntawm thawj kauj ruam uas tus neeg siv kev ruaj ntseg yuav tsum tau ua, vim nws pab ntxiv dag zog rau lwm yam kev tiv thaiv ntawm koj Mac. SIP tiv thaiv tsis tau tso cai tampering ntawm qhov system theem thiab yog qhov tsis siv neeg ua haujlwm ua rau macOS 10.11 thiab tom qab ntawd.
Txhua lub cuab yeej ntawm nws tus kheej muab cov txiaj ntsig kev nyab xeeb tseem ceeb. Tab sis siv cov yam ntxwv no ua ke hloov koj lub Mac mus rau hauv lub fortress ze-impregnable.
